Gasoline rock drill



Dec. 20, 1927. ,653,373

- .L w, RICE, .JR

GASOLINE ROCK' DRILL Original Filed April 12, 1921 2 Shasta-Sheet 2V JOHN v. mon, Jn., orronnEN'ro'wN,

MENTS,

'ro rmsn E. masken,

PATENT OFFICE. 'y

NEW'JEBSEY,'ASSIGNOB, BY MESNE `AJSSIIGN- .OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GAsoLINn noon Daim..

- Application med april 12,`

n My present invention relates-,to an improvement in hydrocarbon or gas-actuated rock drills, its object bein vto provide a simple and. effective dril lng appliance,

which will'develo a very high eciency in operation, but wil be economical in its. use

` because of the novel and ingenious construction of the motor and other parts of fthe mechanism by means of which-the reciprocations of the pistonl actuate the drilling or cutting instruments, the said motorparts bein so disposed within the cylinder an so re ated to each other and to the drillin member or members, that exceedin ly. an unusually effective results may be o tained.

' The invention, therefore, in order to secure the many important advantages which I have in view, may be said to consist essen- `tiallyjinthe construction, arrangement and combinationbf parts,

be hereinafter described and then moreparticularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings l'grating my invention;

Figure 1 isf a longitudinal section of my improved gasoline rock drill. N

.Figure 2/is a side elevation of the same,

in a reverse position. x Fi re 3 is an enlarged cross-section on 3o thelme 3, 3, of Figure 1.

illusre 4 1sA a cross-section on the line 4, 4, of Figure 1. f f f -Figure 5 is a cross-section pn the line 5, 5, of Figure 1. y

Similar characters of reference denote like parts throughout the different figures of the drawing.

1 designates the main frame of the machine, the same being of a general outer cy- 40 lindrical form and constituting the cylinder of the motor. It is i f ential type, as I shall explain, and has the opposite heads 76 and 82, through which head 82 the iston rod 5 reciprocates inactun .the drilling device, as I shall fully set fort S/aid cylinder 1 has any suitable coolingappliance as. for example, a' wateriacket 2. When cylinder 1 may be, made' in two parts.. that are joined closely together at the centre, as /at 70, and', these two parts preferably have lugs 1, 1?, thereon, through and vto which the tie-rods 1b are connected, so'as to hold the twoparts closely together in a single atin cylindrical unit, and when the construction d 6 for holding the vdrill substantially as willY nteriorly of the di'ierdesired, though not 'necessari y, the

1921,'Serla1 No. 430,7766. Renewed Hay 10, 1827.

lis of this character, the separate parts ofv stem in the two sections may together by one or more short be connecte side pipes 3.

Within the cylinder 1 is\the diierential piston 4, to which is connected. rigidly, by-

having the end thereof screwed into the end of the piston or otherwise attached, the piston rod 5, that reciprocates through the cylinder head 82. and carries on its outer end, outside the-cylinder 1, a drill chuckor other cutting implement. where the-rod 5 passes through the head 82, I use a cover 49 that screws an clamps onl said head and closes tightlyagainst the packing gland or ring 49- in the cylinder head 82. On the exterior part of the piston rod 5` is an inclined section 42 which, ateach inward stroke of the rod, rides on the bell-crank rtripping lever 41, pivoted to the projection 41 on the cylinder,

and this contact of per 41 causes o le arm of the latter to strike against the en vof the yielding plunger k44 `carried in the housing 43 fast on the sideof the cylinder 1, theplunger 44 having a-pin 46 provided with an enveloping spring 45, which latter has the function of returning the plunger 44 each time after it is released by the tripper 41. The housin 43 is entered bythe water-pipe 2", leading rom some source of water supply and furnishing water to the jacket 2, there' being a checkvalve 47 interposed between the end of pipe 2l and the interior of being another check-valve 48 interposed between the interior of housing 43 and the water jacket 2. 1 'y The plunger 44 has the function, there-. fore, of a pump plunger. `When it moves to the right oroutwardly under the action of` the spring 45, the suction effect of such movement will draw open the valve 47 'and by unseating it will allow the interior of t e housing 43 to thereinto from-the pipe 2*; and also` at each inward reciprocation of vthe `plunger 44 .caused by the action of the trip lever there- Vfon, on`each inward stroke of the main pis- -f't-on 4, the water in housing I 43 will pumped through the valve 48, which is temporarily lifted from its seat for the purpose', into the water system y2. At another pointl in the said system 2, as, for example, near cylinder In order to effect a tight joint' d'lo section 42 with the triphousing 43, and there {ill with water flowing y form of mechanism for pumping the water a around the cylinder, so as to enable it to serveas a cooling agent, it will be obvious that other means may be employed in lieu thereof if desired, and also that instead of a water jacket, or a liquid cooling agent, fins, or flanges, or a fan or blower. or other means for affording radiation and cooling may be substituted, it being only necessary that some effective cooling means should be utilized to counteract the intense heat geni erated in the operation of the motor.

The cylinder 1 is carried by some suitable frame, as 13, on which it, together with the connected parts, ,is adjustable by means of an elongated screw 10, having a handle 11, and working inasocket 12 on frame 13, so that in this wav the drill may be fed forward and kept in close contact with its work, as the boring of a hole progresses. Frame `13 has a boss 14 thereon with a central opening, by means of which boss the entire drilling machine is carried by a tripod or other means of support.

As already suggested. the bore of the cylinder 1 has a smaller diameter at the ends than it has in the middle portion, the differential character in this respect corresponding to the differential shape of the iston 4 which reciprocates within the cylinder 1..

The middle and larger portion of cylinder 1 furnishes the two explosionchambers C and D, bet-Ween and in which the widest part 74 ofthe piston operates, wh'ile'in the left-hand end of the cylinder and between the end of the piston and the stationary wall or plate 15, is the pump chamber A for recelving the mixturel on the left-hand or 11p-stroke, and in the right-hand endof the cylinder below the piston, or between it land the lower cylinder head 82. is another pump chamber B for receiving the chargeon the right-hand or down stroke of the piston. The upper or left-hand head 76 of the c linder 1s preferably made in the form o a removable cap plate. that is screwed upon or otherwise applied to the end of the cylinder, and between this cap 76 andthe end of the cylinder the aforesaid plate 15 is clam ed securely in place thus affording a cham er 81 in the cap 76 to accommodate a` ratchet wheel 16 and pawl devices for a pur-` pose to be presently explained.

The piston 4. which is of the differential type as stated, has a middle or intermediate eter'than the extensions 75.

bine section 74 and extensions 75 therefrom, the said middle section 74 being of larger diam- The piston 4 is preferably cast in a solid piece except for the rts', passages and chambers therein,

.whic I will now explain, though it is evident that it may be made of as many or as few parts as are desirable, these being comin any suitable manner. Within the piston 4 are two longitudinal parallel gas ucts 7 and 8. The duct 7 extends from thel chamber B, below the piston. through thev latter to the left, until it reaches and terminates in a circumferential duct or port 22, which coincides at times with openings or ports 21l that extend 1partly through the wallof cylinder 1 (see igure 4) and enter the circular port -or passagef21 in said wall. Said ports 21* at other times coincide with, or open into, the explosion chamber C. The other similar gas duct or passage 8 connects with the other pum chamber A in the lefthand end of cylin er 1, and runs` to the right through the piston 4 until it reaches and terminates in the circumferential duct or port 23, which coincides at.times with the explosion chamber D. At a point about midwayl of the length ofthe cylinder I locate a series of exhaust ports 39, that lead into the circularexhaust passage 38, which discharges through lateral exhaust pipe 9 .(see

Figure 3). The'exhaust ports 39 have large capacity and lperform theinfunctionI with both explosion chambers C and D. In this way are provided two fuel-handlino' systems, one com rising chamber B, duct port 22 and exp osion chamber C; and the other a distinct and non-communicating system comprising chamber A. duct 8, port 23and explosion chamber D; it being further noted that the piston is double-acting. that an explosion occurs at the end of each stroke and drives it in one direction or the other, and

losy

that although the mixture is (in this example.) all't-aken into both systems from one and the same-end of the. cylinder, on the same stroke, yet compression occurs at veach strokeas well Aas ignitionand exhaust. 'It will'be notedthat the terms above and below, left hand and right hand, and the like, as used in thisdescription, are not terms of limitation but merely of explanation ofa particular example, for the drill cylinder and other parts will obviously ordinarily occupy7 a lposition where the drill device will be below, or at the right of the piston. and I do notl wish therefore to be 1n any sense limited by the use of 4these terms.

The ports 21. as'also the ports 22 and 23 in both ends of the piston, are preferably provided with wire gauze protectors 24 of any suitable construction, designed to occupy the port openings and having the function of protecting or screening the incoming charge and preventing it from firing pre? .means and the relation and operation of the maturely or'causing aback explosion, or different parts,may be widely diversified preventing bad effects from the use of poor and changed without excee ing the scope of r slow-burning mixtures. v the invention, butit is quite in the interest The cylinder receives the explosive mixof eliiciencyl and the best service that the 70 ture for either end thereofby mechanism gasoline tank should be supported upon the which delivers it throughacheck-valve into drill frame and beenabled to supply the the circular port- 2'1, from which it flows mixture automatically at all times as ma through the ports 21, passing lat certain required during the operation of the dri l.

` times into the port 22 and duct 7, and at' .The'Jeft-hand end or upper portion of the 75 other times into the chamber A and duct 8. piston 4 is hollowed out for a certain dis- The detailed construction of the mechanism tance to provide an inner tubular passage 73, for delivering the fuel mixture is indicated which will receive the rifled rod 17 that in section in Figure 4 and partly in side view 'passes through the fixed plate 15 and is firmin Figure 2. I utilize a small tank 25 for ly attached to or made integral with the 30 the gasoline lor other hydrocarbon element, ratchet wheel 16 situated in the air chamber which tank is mounted on the side of the or recess 81 in the interior of the cap plate cylinder Vby means of a central pivot pin 3l, 76. The ribs or spiral beads on -therod 17 screwed into the-central member 37 formengage obviously correspondingl grooves or 0 ing part ofthe valve casing 30, 'which is riflings in the interior of the tubular pas- 85 securely attached to the side of the cylinder sage 73. The ratchet wheel 16 is-engaged in order that the tank 25 may adjust itself by the pawls 18, which are -acted j on by on the pinA 31 and automatically remain at springs 19 (see Figure 5) .for permitting the the roper level, no matter what may be the rotation of the ratchet wheel 16 in'one' diang e of support of the drill frame, The rection and eflectually preventing it from 90 tank may therefore beself-leveling o r it rotating in the other.- By this arrangement, may be adjusted by hand; and a suitablel therefore, the .piston and its rigidly attached packing between-it and casing will keep piston rod and drilling implement will, ,the jointtiglit. `Tank 25 is `providedwith a during the -one reciprocation, bepermitted 50fscr'ew cap 32 for an opening through which to pursue al rectilineal movement without 95 "the gasoline contents are introduced there-4 rotating, while at the next reciprocation it into, and Said contents pass down through o, will not only pursuea rectilineal movement` pipe 50 into the carburetter 34 (see .Figure but will also rotate to a. greater 0I lESS GX- 2), from which tho mixture of air and gas tent, in consequence of the ratchet and pawl m0 D passes upwardly into the chamber 35 located Construction, in order to accomplish the within the tank 25, and to which aoooss necessary rotary shifting ofthe drill at the may be had when desired through the inend of each stroke in like manner and for the vterior screw cap,33, and the combustible mix- Same purpose as is. the customary operation ture thus prepared flows out through the 0f rook drills. i

4". passage 36 around the bearing 37 and past The inner end of the rod 171s provided 105 the vcheck-valve 26, which is supported in? With '311, DBI101- auxiliary Piston 71 PTO* Jrelation to its seat by means of a pin 27 on vided Wlth packing rings to Ineke it tlght one side and a pin 28 on the other side, and located within the inner .end ofthe tubu which latter pin 28 is enveloped `by means lar recess 7 3, said piston 71 being screwed or no *5 of a closing spring 29, said pin 28 'working otherwise securely fastened to the end of the in a perforation'l in the wall ofV thecylinder I Od 17 and having a central passage 72 therebetween two of the por-ts 21", and said pin l1n, 'which' coincides with a central longi- 27 working in a suitable opening opposite to tudinalpassage 20 in the rod 17 and the the stationary pin 31, all the parts being rachet Wheel 16, these passages 20 and 72 115 I A thus arranged so that when valve 26 is reforming aline of communication between the moved from its seat in consequence of the il Chamber 81 in. theCap 76 and thel inner action of the piston 4 in moving forward end of the tubular passage 73, and are for and creating af vacuum, the explosive mxthe purpose of enabling air to pass from one ture will .immediately pass through thev'alve POint t0 the' 0thr .120V

5,5 26 and'enter thecircular ort 21, the orts Referring POW t0 the leftthilnd end 0f 2,1* and the duct 22,01` t o. chamber as Figure 1 it will be seen that the cap or head the case may be; but obviously when the .76 is entered centrally'by a pipe 77, tcrwhich piston is moving in theiopposite direction, 1S COIlnefd il flight-angle@ P1P@ '78, havlllg and compression is taking place, the' effect at 0110 Slde 0f the CODPBCUOII 8' Check-Wh@ 125 will be` to tightly close the check-valve 26 80 and at the Other 51de a Checkvalv? 79, upon itsv seat and prevent' any loss of .the thesaine acting conversely but the details of fuel-contents V which .have previouslyv been Whlch are not f1111y sh0wn as thls 1S T1919 introduced. Obviously manyof the details necessary As the piston ft reeiprocates 1nof the lfuel tank and the means' for supportone direction it -will obviously cause the im 6 ing the same, as well as the carburetting check-valve Soto open and draw in air-in to thechamber 81, the check-valve 7 9 at this time being closed, and the air within-the,

chamber 81 will pass through the passages 20 and 72 into the tubular space 73. On the 5 reverse movement of the piston the air that starting and bother purposes in thefoperation mechanism'. I -find it conel of the drilling -venient, however,to utilize the rifled rod,

ratchet and co-op'erating of convenience in'achieving this desirable result. l The foregoing description of the construction' and arrangement of the various parts' is uite suic'ient -to explain the o ration wit out the need of m'uch `additiona discussion along this line. Suppose we assume that the piston is at the upper or lefthand limit of lts stroke, after being driven there b *the firing of the charge in the explosion c amber D, the partswill bein the the chamber D is place throwfh 39, wllile the chambe"th is b() ed y a new c ar ontop o r e ou '11st, through t e ports 23, which areiugpplied bythe duct 8 leading vfrom chamberA. V.At the same time `the .previously-introduced. charge in chamber C, 1s receiving about to and also 'at moment the lateral cylinder ports Y21* areA in communication'with the "circumferential 'piston duct22fand a charge is beingintroduced through the valve 26 and the circular Jort .21 into andthrough the. ports'l21 an 22, so that said'charge'of the explosive mixture will flow by`- way of the tube`7 `intogth'e llm'ping chamber B.'- It ma .'be noted that explosion chambers C an D aresupplied i with spark-plu .tern, or any-1ct er suitable ignition means.

' It will be ,seen that at the momentthe spark opposite to that' whichit occupied m'Fig- I ure `1. On its way from the position shown the chamber B which has'just been intro? duced thereinto, as

is um member Pped parts for the sake tior show'n in Figure 1, where exhaust m` y 'itsgcoxnpressio therein preparatory -te itsfex'plosion, which is 40' of an Acustomary pataA` y sist upon my right to modify, 4rearrange or plugs in the chamber C .explodethe com-4 charge `in said chamber, the pisinJ 1 into this kother 'tion :atthe other end of the cylinder, mixture in until the "ferential duct 22 comes intocommunication with theexplosion chamber C, when the said mixture thus bein 'umped in the chamber `B will be delivere through the longitudinal duct 7 into the ex losion chamber C while simultaneously wit such delivery of t charge into the explosidnchamber C, Vsaid chamber C will'open into the exhaust ports 39`. and the exhaust will\ fiow out through said ports, while thenext mixture is iow' ing in on top of the exhaust and hel ing to force it out;'and while this is being gone the charge that was introduced into explosion chamber D is undergoing compression, while at the same time a new charge is being sucked -in through the uncovered ports 21 into the left-hand end )ump-chamber A and the'piston duct 8. hus cycle follows cycle, after the manner of the two-cycle engine, and with resulting eects of the character which I have set forth, the operation being at once simple, complete and eilcient and -a-.great deal of power being ge so that the free piston 1, iii its very rapid movement, causes a succession of blows t@ be.

struck by the drill or pounding implement,

new

upon the rock, coal or other substance which is being 'operated upon.

Q- Many advantages accrue (struction and arran ent ofparts which I haveset forth,andt eirA relative location as indicated, inrespect of the saving of euery by the-absorlption of heat and the preventlon of any" oss in this way, for it will be noted that the cool stream of fresh mixture er to the ex losion chamber eac time, and

not only 'is t e undue heat of the explosion assesthrough. the' initial cham'- from the eonin mind that althoughl have described and shown a' leading land approved form' of the invention which is particularly ada ted for I reservethe liberty of varying and modifyng'the details of'the invention within wide limits and within the scope of the ap pended claims, and distinctly assert and inreconstruct the details` of the. invention along any suitable lines, inv order to secure the best practical results, such changes to'be made as mayjbe found necessary 'to this end. Having thus described my invention,what claim as new and desire to secure by Lctf ters Patent is:

v -1. In a tion of 'a cylinder, having an air-pressure chamber in the head', a piston in the cylinder, means for transferring the charge Nummer erin, the 'asmbinneffective use withrock drill mechanism, yet v I dou not wish 'to bev restricted thereto' and through?the'piston-, arod ri 'dlyjattached- V mth-pawn und carrying. devia,

, a vratchet device for noname.

a .partial rotation to -the drilling evice urmg certain s reciprocatifons in one direction, a niled communicating secured to the ratchet device and entering a tubular passa e in the piston, an auxiliary piston secur rod and located in said tubular passage, said auxiliary pston together with said red and ratchet device being provided with an air passagetand a valve `provided pipe` system,

in the head-o the cylinder, into which air chamber the said air passage delivers air,

whereby the auxiliary .piston may pump au.'

during the movements of the mainv piston and deliver said air lto a storage. y

2. In a gasoline rock drill, the Ycombination of `a cylinder and a piston workingA y therein, the latter having a tubular recess,

to the inner end of the rifled.

recess, there' being with the said air chamber and a ratchet wheel, a riedrod attached 9 thereto and Aprojecting in the tubular-recess in the piston, an air chamber alongside of the ratchet wheel, an auxiliary iston se-- cured to the inner end of theriil rod and ,JOHN v. RICE, Jn 

